Modern anesthesia

In what cases is the use of anesthesia indicated

Anesthesia arose from the fear of pain, so it is used in cases where it is necessary to protect the patient from unpleasant sensations. Its other tasks are to maintain vital functions, the main homeostatic indicators of the body at the required level within the physiological norm. It is not only about surgical interventions: some studies, for example, fibrogastroduodenoscopy, take place faster under anesthesia and make it possible to conduct a more qualitative examination, because the patient is in a medicated sleep and does not suffer from pain, suffocation and belching. The anesthesia lasts a few minutes, but it feels like a sleep of several hours.

As with all other doctors, for anesthesiologists, the safety and health of the patient should always come first. Yes, the surgeon sets the tasks for the anesthesiologist – and in this case he is the main one, because he decides the scope of the operation to be performed on the patient. But it is the anesthesiologist who decides how far the surgeon can go. He determines whether the operation can be reduced or canceled altogether due to absolute contraindications on the part of the patient.

Services and procedures of the anesthesia department

There are many types of anesthesia during operations at our Institute, and each has its own indications and features of provision:

• infiltrative — local anesthesia of soft tissues during laser removal of papillomas, basal cell skin cancer, neoplasms;
• conductor anesthesia — is performed with the help of an anesthetic injection, not in the place where the scalpel or laser will work, but in the paraneural space. Such an injection can be done by both a doctor and an anesthesiologist. It is used in particular in dentistry, neurology;
• intravenous anesthesia is what patients call sleep therapy. It is similar to general anesthesia, but the patient sleeps and breathes independently. In this way, many studies are currently being conducted (fibrogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy);
• general anesthesia — depends on the patient’s condition, the type and duration of the operation (for example, general anesthesia during breast endoprosthesis will differ from a complex several-hour ENT operation);
• regional anesthesia — continued epidural and spinal. This is turning off the sensitivity of the lower part of the body. Regional anesthesia is used for abdominoplasty, urological and gynecological operations, and operations on the lower extremities. Thanks to it, intubation and artificial ventilation of the lungs can be avoided – after the injection, the patient falls into a drug-induced sleep and wakes up already in the ward;
• general combined anesthesia (intravenous + conductor + regional) — is used, as a rule, in simultaneous operations;
• pediatric anesthesia.

There is an opinion that xenon anesthesia is the best option, but it is necessary to separate the patient’s feelings from the tasks facing the anesthesiologist and surgeon. In our clinic, we perform state-of-the-art anesthesia with low use of both gaseous and intravenous anesthetics. So there is simply no need for xenon anesthesia.

The pharmacology of the drugs we use in anesthesiology and the equipment itself have changed significantly over the past 20 years, and therefore both falling asleep and waking up are imperceptible and as comfortable as possible for the patient.

Consultation of anesthesiologist

Consultation of an anesthesiologist is not a simple formality, but a mandatory procedure that is carried out for the safety of the patient during anesthesia. Yes, some analyzes can be sent by messenger, but in any case, the anesthesiologist needs to see the patient with his own eyes and assess many factors that cannot be checked online: cognition, psycho-emotional status, body structure, state of teeth, how a person breathes and behaves. All this will affect anesthesia care.

The consultation usually lasts 15-20 minutes, depending on the number of questions. The patient must bring all the necessary documents with him, the set of tests before the operation is not subject to correction.